Skin care. Laminaria are used in various forms in skin care. As an alginate, it is a soothing and purifying mask, even for gentle skin types. As an extract, it provides a mineral blitz to the skin in rejuvenation treatments and is an active ingredient in creams. Additionally, Laminaria extracts add emollience to creams while moisturizing. As a powder, it is great revitalizing mask that is both toning while improving vascularization of the surface tissues. More recently, researchers have found applications in anti-aging skin care. Using bio-fermentation of the Laminaria and Porphyra extracts are bonded with glucosamine HCL and the amino acid proline to stimulate dermal thickening and reduction of wrinkles. In our work, we have combined this complex of marine algae with liquid oxygen in our patented Oxygenated Renewal Complex for dramatic skin rejuvenation. • Testing on subjects using a variety of measurements were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of bio-fermented Laminaria on reversing the effects of aging. Below are before and after photos of skin treated with Laminaria extracts. BEFORE AFTER Photos courtesy of Barnet Labs Measurement of the changes included: • Ballistometry to measure skin firmness—30% improvement over 90 day period • Increased collagen synthesis—10 times more efficient than retinol and gycolic acids • Cell renewal rate was shown to improve in subjects aged 67 years old to levels comparable to young adults average age 30 • Stimulates exfoliation without irritation when compared to AHA’s and Retinol Adds luminosity to skin by 40% using skin chronometer testing Laminaria extracts are also used in after sun mists to calm redness and reduce inflammation. It quickly restores moisture to dry and damaged skin. Combined with liposomes of micro-algae, it is effective in repairing DNA damage due to exposure to ultraviolet rays and reducing heat and discomfort. And more recently, our lab has been using concentrates of Laminaria for after sun care. Studies support the view that Laminaria repairs damage to mitochondrial DNA.